First listen and then answer the following 免费vpn question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What important thing did King Alfred learn when he penetrated the Danish camp of Guthrum?
Alfred the Great acted as his own spy, visiting Danish camps disguised as vpn免费 a 免费vpn minstrel．In those 免费vpn days wandering minstrels were welcome everywhere．They were not fighting men, and their harp was their vpn免费 passport．Alfred had learned many of vpn免费下载 their ballads in vpn免费下载 his 免费vpn youth, and could vary his programme with acrobatic tricks and simple conjuring.
While Alfred's little army slowly began to gather at Athelney, the king himself set out to penetrate the camp of Guthrum, the commander of the Danish invaders．These had settled down for the winter at Chippenham: thither Alfred went．He noticed at once that discipline was slack: the Danes had the self confidence of conquerors, and their security precautions were casual．They lived well, on vpn软件免费 the proceeds of raids on neigh bouring regions．There they collected women as well as food and drink, and vpn软件免费 a life of ease had made them soft.
Alfred stayed in the camp a week before he returned to Athelney．The force there assembled was trivial compared with the Danish horde．But Alfred had deduced that the Danes were no longer 免费vpn fit for prolonged battle: and that their commissariat had no organization, vpn免费下载 but depended on irregular raids.
So, faced with the Danish advance, Alfred did not risk open battle but harried the enemy．He was constantly on the move, drawing the Danes after him．His patrols halted the raiding parties: hunger assailed the Danish army．Now Alfred began vpn免费 a long vpn软件免费 series of skirmishes----and within a month the Danes had surrendered．The episode could reasonably serve as a unique epic of royal espionage!
BERNARD NEWMAN Spies in Britain
New words and expressions生词和短语
espionage(title) [ˌespiəˈnɑ:ʒ]n．间谍活动
slack(1.7)[slæk] adj．涣散的
Alfred(849-899)[ˈælfrid] (1.1)公元 871-899年间任英国国王
conqueror(1.8)['kɔŋkərə]n．征服者
casual(1.8)['kæʒjuəl]adj．马虎的，随便的
Danish(1.1)['deiniʃ]adj．丹麦的，丹麦人的，丹麦语的
precaution(1.8)[pri'kɔ:ʃən] n．预防，警惕
proceeds(1.8) ['prəusi:dz]n．所得
minstrel(1.2)/'minstr+l/n．中世纪的吟游歌手
assemble(1.11)[ə'sembl] v．集合
wandering(11.1-2)[adj．漫游的
trivial(1.11)['triviəl] adj．微不足道的
harp(1.2)[ha:p] n．竖琴
prolonged(1.12)[prə adj．持久的
ballad(1.3)['bæləd] n．民歌
commissariat(1.13)[ˌkɔmiˈsɛəriət] n．军粮供应
acrobatic(1.3)[ˌəkrəuˈbætik] adj．杂技的
episode(1.17)['eprsəd] vpn免费下载 n．一个事件，片断
conjuring(1.4) ['kʌndʒəriŋ] n．魔术
epic(1.17)['epik] n．史诗
Athelney(1.5)/'$I+lni/n．阿塞尔纳（英国一个小岛）
harry(1.14)['hæri] v．骚扰
Chippenham(1.7)/'tMrp+n+m/n．切本哈姆（英国一城市)
assail(1.15)[ə'seil] v．袭击
thither(1.7)['ðiðə] adv．向那里
skirmish(1.16) ['skə:miʃ]n．小规模战斗
Dane(1.7)[dein] n．丹麦人
Notes on the next 课文注释
1settle down，驻扎。
2They lived well, on the proceeds of raids，他们的生活舒适，靠袭击（周围地区）掠夺得到的财物为生。 live on，靠为生。
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences vpn软件免费 of your own using vpn免费下载 these words: disguised (1.1); thither (1.7); slack (1.7); security precautions (1.8); proceeds (1.8); trivial (1.11); harried (1.14); assailed (1.15); skirmishes (1.16); unique (1.17).
The paragraph段落
ASuggest a suitable title for this passage.
BWhich of the following statements are correct:
1In Alfred's time it was easy for a minstrel to gain access to an enemy camp.
2Guthrum was the place where the 免费vpn Danish invaders had their camp.
3Alfred defeated the Danes because he had a large army.
4During the English attack, the Danes found it 免费vpn difficult to obtain food．
CThe following sentences have been taken from the second paragraph (11．5-12)．Arrange them in their correct order．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
1He noticed at once that discipline was vpn软件免费 slack: the Danes had the self-confidence of conquerors, and their security precautions were casual.
2These 免费vpn had settled down for the winter at Chippenham: thither Alfred went.
3There they collected women as well as food and drink, and a life of ease had made them soft.
4While Alfred's little vpn免费 army slowly began vpn免费 to gather at Athelney, the king himself set out to penetrate the camp of vpn免费 Guthrum, the commander of the Danish invaders.
5They lived well, on the proceeds of raids on neighbouring regions.
Key structures关键句型
ANote how we can use a lot of in place of many (of) and much (of):
Instead of saying: Alfred vpn软件免费 had learned many of their ballads in his youth．(1.3)
We can say: Alfred had learned a lot of their ballads in his youth.
Write these sentences again using much (of) or many (of) in place of a lot of:
1There were a lot of people present vpn免费下载 at the reception.
2I haven't got a lot of books.
3I haven't brought a lot of luggage with me.
4A lot of the machinery in this factory is out of date.
5A lot of the shops in this area close on Wednesday afternoon.
BPut vpn免费下载 the words in parentheses in their correct position in these sentences．Do not refer to the passage vpn软件免费 until you have finished the exercise:
1He noticed that discipline was slack．(at once) (1.7)
2They lived on the proceeds of raids on neighbouring regions．(well) (11.8-9)
3But Alfred had deduced that the Danes were fit for 免费vpn prolonged battle．(no longer) (11.12-13)
CNote how as well as can be used to mean in addition to:
There they collected women as well as food and drink．(1.9)
Write two senteces using as well as in the same way.
DCompare these two sentences:
Instead of saying: Their commissariat had no organization．(1.13)
We can say: Their commissariat hadn't any organization.
Supply suitable compounds with no or any in the following:
1____ called while you were out.
2Did you go ____last night?
3Haven't you got ____to do?
4He said he knew ____about it.
5I don't know ____by that name.
EGive the correct form of the verbs in vpn软件免费 parentheses．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the vpn免费下载 exercise:
So, faced with the Danish advance, 免费vpn Alfred not ____(risk) open battle but ____(harry) the enemy．He ____(be) constantly on the move, ____(draw) the Danes after him．His patrols ____(halt) the raiding parties: hunger ____(assail) the Danish army．Now Alfred ____(begin) a vpn免费下载 long series of skirmishes----and within a month the Danes ____(surrender)．(11.14-17)
Special difficulties难点
AStudy the following pairs of words and then write sentences of your own to bring out the difference:
1wandering (11.1-2) ---- wondering
I love wandering around second-hand bookshops.
I'm wondering if we've made a mistake here.
2learned (1.3) ---- taught
I learned to knit when vpn免费 I was eight.
Who taught you 免费vpn how to knit?
3noticed (l.7) ---- remarked
She noticed that several students seemed restless that morning.
He remarked, ‘You look beautiful today.’
4conquerors (1.8) ---- winners
Military vpn软件免费 victories were celebrated by parading the defeated chiefs and princes in the streets of Rome, in a display of submission to their conquerors.
The Oxford team were the winners in last year's Oxford and vpn免费 Cambridge Boat Race.
5force (1.11) ---- strength
The captain called vpn免费 together a small force of hand-picked men．(= a group under orders)
The door was opened by force．(= the use of strength)
You need a great deal of strength to be a weight vpn软件免费 lifter．(=the quality of being strong)
But force and strength are often interchangeable when followed by‘of the’:
The force/the strength of the wind was so great that the roof was blown off.
BExplain vpn免费 the meaning of the verbs and expressions in italics:
1These vpn免费下载 had settled down for the winter at vpn软件免费 Chippenham…(11.6-7)
2Have you settled your account yet?
3They settled in Australia before the war.
4It's time we settled this 免费vpn question.
5He settled all his property on his wife.
CNote this compound with self:
The Danes vpn软件免费 vpn免费 had the self-confidence of conquerors．(11.7-8)
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