First listen and then vpn软件免费 answer the following question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What conclusion does the vpn软件免费 author draw about noise and health in this piece?
Many people in industry and the Services, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a vpn软件免费 waste of time; they are not prepared even to admit the possibility that noise affects people. On the other hand, those who dislike 免费vpn noise will sometimes use most inadequate evidence 免费vpn to support their pleas for a quieter society. This is a pity, because noise abatement really is a good cause, and it is likely to vpn免费下载 be discredited if it gets to be associated with bad science.
One allegation often made is that noise produces mental illness. A recent article in a weekly newspaper, for instance, was vpn免费 headed with a striking illustration of a lady in a state of considerable distress, with the caption ‘She vpn免费 was yet another victim, reduced to a screaming wreck’. On turning eagerly to the text, one vpn软件免费 learns that the lady was a typist who found the sound of office typewriters worried her more and more until eventually she had to go vpn免费 vpn免费下载 into a mental hospital. Now the snag in this sort of anecdote is of course that one cannot distinguish cause and effect. Was the noise a cause of the illness, or were vpn软件免费 vpn免费 the complaints about noise merely a symptom? Another patient might equally well complain that her neighbours were combining to slander her and persecute her, vpn免费下载 and yet one might be cautious about believing this statement.
What is needed in the 免费vpn case of noise is a study of large 免费vpn numbers of people living under noisy conditions, Navy, for instance, examined a very large number of men working on aircraft carriers: the study was known as Project Anehin. It can be unpleasant to live even several miles from an aerodrome; if you think what it must be like to share the deck of a ship with several squadrons of jet aircraft, you will realize that a modern navy is a good place to study noise. But neither psychiatric interviews nor objective tests were able to show there is any effect of noise upon mental health, vpn免费下载 it must be so small that present methods of psychiatric diagnosis cannot vpn免费下载 find it. That does not prove that it does not exist; but it does mean that noise is less dangerous than, say, being brought up in an orphanage----which really is a mental health hazard.
D. E.BROADBENT Non-auditory effects of noise from Science Survey
New words and expressions 生词和短语
auditory(title)/ >&:dit+ri/adj. 听觉的
snag(1.10)/sn$g/n. 疑难之处，障碍
inadequate(1.3)/in>$dikwit/adj. 不适当的
anecdote(1.10)/ vpn软件免费 >$nikd+ut/n. 轶闻
plea(1.4)/pli:/n. 要求
slander(1.13)/sla:nd+/v. 诽谤
abatement(1.4)/ vpn软件免费 +>beitm+nt/n. 减少
persecute(1.13)/ >p*:sikju:t/v. 迫害
discredit(1.5)/dis>kredit/v. 怀疑
squadron(1.18)/ >skw%drn/n. 中队
allegation(1.6)/ $ligeiM+n/n. 断言
psychiatric(1.19)/ ?saiki>$trik/adj. 精神病学的
caption(1.8)/ >k$pM+n/n.插图说明
diagnosis(1.22)/ ?dai+gn+usis/n. 诊断
wreck(1.8)/rek/n. 残废人
orphanage(1.23)/ >&:f+nidN/n. 孤儿院
Notes on the text课文注释
1 the Services，军队。
2 On turning eagerly to the text, one learns that…
句中on的意思是on the occasion of, directly after（当时，随后）。
3 aircraft carrier，航空母舰。
4 That does not prove that it does not exist; but it does mean that…句中出现的3个does的语法功能并不相同，前两个does是一般现在时的否定式使用的助动词，第3个does则是强调用法，有强化句意的作用。
1 What does the author mean by the statement‘Noise abatement vpn软件免费 really is a good cause, and it is likely to be discredited if it gets to be associated with bad science.’?(11.4-5)
2 Why is vpn软件免费 a modern navy a good place to study noise?
Refer to the text to vpn免费 see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using hazard(1.23).
Summary摘要
A Drawing your information from the first two paragraphs(lines 1-13), write a list of points in note form outlining the author's argument 免费vpn about noise abatement.
B Using this list of points, reconstruct the author's argument in not more than 90 words. Your answer should be in one paragraph.
Composition作文
Write a composition of about 300 words on the following subject: Noise in modern life.
You may use some or all of the ideas given below if you wish:
1 We have grown accustomed to living and working against a background of noise: vpn免费下载 traffic in the streets; machines in the factory; office equipment; labour-saving devices in the home; aeroplanes overhead.
2 In a modern industrial society, hardly any place is free from noise; in cities, the problem is acute. 3 Many people vpn免费 learn to live against this background and do not seem to be affected.
4 Some people even seem 免费vpn to require noise as a necessary condition in which to work: e.g. music as a constant background.
5 We seem to be helpless to do anything about noise and have come vpn软件免费 to accept it as one of the more unpleasant features vpn免费下载 of modern civilization.
Key structures关键句型
A Study this sentence:
Many people in industry and the Services,who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this vpn免费下载 question as a 免费vpn waste of time.(11.1-2)
Expand the following sentences by inserting suitable clauses beginning with who or which after the words in italics:
1 Many roads ______ were not built for such heavy traffic.
2 The heavy snow ______ has now begun to melt.
3 The party of tourists ______ left this morning.
4 vpn免费 The clerk ______ apologized for the mistake.
B Compare these two sentences:
Instead of saying: One allegation that is often made is that noise produces mental illness.
We can say: One allegation often made is that noise produces mental illness. (1.6)
Write sentences using the following phrases:
frequently seen; sometimes heard; generally considered.
C Note the use of yet in these sentences:
1 Has he come yet?
2 I haven't seen him yet.
3 She was yet another victim. (1.8)
Write three sentences using yet in the ways shown above.
D Compare these two sentences:
Instead of saying: When one turns eagerly to vpn软件免费 the vpn免费下载 text, one learns that the lady was a typist.
We can say: On turning eagerly to the text, one learns that the lady was a typist. (11.8-9)
Write these sentences again 免费vpn so that each one begins with On:
1 When I opened the door, I got a surprise.
2 When he saw vpn软件免费 me approaching, he ran towards me.
3 When he was asked to leave the meeting, he got very angry.
4 When she arrived at the station, she bought a ticket.
E Write sentences vpn软件免费 using the following expressions:
reduced to (1.8); cause of (1.11); complaints about (1.11); cautious about (1.13); share with 免费vpn (1.18); effects upon (1.21); methods of (1.21).
Special difficulties难点
A Study vpn免费下载 the following vpn免费 pairs of words and then write sentences of your own to bring out the difference.
1 regard (1.1)----look at
I don't regard a degree as a meal ticket for life 免费vpn .
Just look at those children picking apples.
2 affect (1.2)----effect (1.27)
This hay 免费vpn fever is seriously affecting my work.
This hay fever is having a serious effect on my work.
3 plea (1.4)----please
The accused man entered a vpn软件免费 plea vpn免费 of Not Guilty. I only got married to please my parents.
4 objective (1.19)----objection
I need an objective opinion from someone who is not involved. (adjective)
The objective of this meeting is to decide who will represent us on vpn免费 the Planning Committee. (noun)
If no one has any objection, I'll declare the meeting closed.
5 confirm (1.20)----assure
I can confirm that the door was located. (= say it is true)
I went back to assure myself that I really had vpn免费 locked the door. (= make myself confident)
B The opposites of these words are to be 免费vpn found in the passage. What are they? like; adequate; credit; pleasant.
C Explain the meaning of the verbs and expressions in italics:
1 vpn免费下载 It does mean that noise is less dangerous than, say, being vpn免费下载 brought up in an orphanage----which really is a mental health hazard. (11.22-23)
2 The question was recently brought up in Parliament.
3 The boxer was knocked out in the first round. It took a long time to bring him round.
4 The whole scene brought back the days vpn免费下载 of my childhood.
5 Their wonderful performance brought down the house.
6 Can you bring to mind what happened on the fourth of July?
7 Difficult conditions 免费vpn vpn免费下载 will sometimes bring out a man's vpn免费下载 best qualities.
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1 The reduction of noise is a good cause and it's important to ______ .
a．understand that noise affects people
b．understand the people vpn免费 who dislike noise
c．make sure vpn软件免费 免费vpn we have a quieter society
d．prevent it from getting a bad name
2 Stories like the one about the typist ______ .
a．help us to understand the effects of noise
b．do not help us to understand the effects of noise
c．show how noise can produce mental illness
d．cause considerable distress
3 Project Anehin provided an opportunity to ______ .
a．study the effects of vpn免费 noise on a large number of people
b．consider what life vpn免费下载 vpn软件免费 is like vpn免费 on aircraft carriers
c．conclude that noise has bad effects on people
d．explore the workings of the United States Navy
4 Project Anehin proved that noise ______ .
a．has no ill effects at all
b．is less dangerous than being brought up in an orphanage
c．is really bad for the health
d．doesn't appear to have any bad effects
Structure句型
5 ______ you turned eagerly to the text…(1.8)
a．As
b．On
c．While
d．When
6 Eventually, vpn免费 she ______ go into a mental hospital.(1.10)
a．will go
b．should go
c．was obliged to
d．made to
7 What 免费vpn is needed is a study of large numbers to discover ______ they are ill.(11.14-15)
a．if
b．unless
c．in case
d．lest
8 Noise is ______ dangerous ______ being brought up in an orphanage.(11.22-23)
a．not…as
b．not so…than
c．not so…as
d．no as…as
Vocabulary词汇
9 It 免费vpn is ______ that noise abatement could be discredited.(11.4-5)
a．perhaps
b．acceptable
c．certain
d．probable
10 ______ she had to go into a vpn免费 mental hospital.(1.10)
a．At least
b．In the end
c．At the finish
d．In fact
11 Now the ______ in this sort of anecdote is…(1.10)
a．case
b．knot
c．difficulty
d．weakness
12 This result merely ______ earlier American and British studies.(1.20)
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